| 背景 | Hexokinase-4 (GCK) is a ~52 kDa protein. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose, D-fructose and D-mannose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate and D-mannose 6-phosphate, respectively). Compared to other hexokinases, has a weak affinity for D-glucose, and is effective only when glucose is abundant. Mainly expressed in pancreatic beta cells and the liver and constitutes a rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism in these tissues. Since insulin secretion parallels glucose metabolism and the low glucose affinity of GCK ensures that it can change its enzymatic activity within the physiological range of glucose concentrations, GCK acts as a glucose sensor in the pancreatic beta cell. In pancreas, plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion. 2. Cuesta-Muñoz, AL. et al. (2004) Diabetes 53, 2164-8. PMID: 152774023. Heredia, VV. et al. (2006) The Journal of biological chemistry 281, 40201-7. PMID: 170821864. Estalella, I. et al. (2008) Journal of human genetics 53, 460-466. PMID: 183226406. Raimondo, A. et al. (2014) Human molecular genetics 23, 6432-40. PMID: 250151008. Takeda, J. et al. (1993) The Journal of biological chemistry 268, 15200-4. PMID: 8325892 |
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