Anti-Human MR1 Polyclonal Antibody (ARO-A12778)

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Major histocompatibility complex class I-related protein 1 (MR1) is a ~39 kDa protein. Antigen-presenting molecule specialized in displaying microbial pyrimidine-based metabolites to alpha-beta T cell receptors (TCR) on innate-type mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. In complex with B2M preferentially presents riboflavin-derived metabolites to semi-invariant TRAV1.2 TCRs on MAIT cells, guiding immune surveillance of the microbial metabolome at mucosal epithelial barriers. Signature pyrimidine-based microbial antigens are generated via non-enzymatic condensation of metabolite intermediates of the riboflavin pathway with by-products arising from other metabolic pathways such as glycolysis. Typical potent antigenic metabolites are 5-(2-oxoethylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OE-RU) and 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), products of condensation of 5-amino-6-D-ribityaminouracil (5-A-RU) with glyoxal or methylglyoxal by-products, respectively. May present microbial antigens to various TRAV1-2-negative MAIT cell subsets, providing for unique recognition of diverse microbes, including pathogens that do not synthesize riboflavin.