Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase (VCP) is a ~89 kDa protein. Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. 1. Teng, Y. et al. (2015) Biochemical pharmacology 97, 518-530. PMID: 262651393. Turakhiya, A. et al. (2018) Molecular cell 70, 906-919.e7. PMID: 298048304. Gwon, Y. et al. (2021) Science (New York, N.Y.) 372, eabf6548. PMID: 347393335. Meerang, M. et al. (2011) Nature cell biology 13, 1376-82. PMID: 220204406. Acs, K. et al. (2011) Nature structural & molecular biology 18, 1345-50. PMID: 221206687. Mosbech, A. et al. (2012) Nature structural & molecular biology 19, 1084-92. PMID: 230426058. Davis, EJ. et al. (2012) Nature structural & molecular biology 19, 1093-100. PMID: 230426079. Fielden, J. et al. (2020) Nature communications 11, 1274. PMID: 3215227010. Krastev, DB. et al. (2022) Nature cell biology 24, 62-73. PMID: 35013556 | 
