| 背景 | Coagulation factor X (F10) is a ~54 kDa protein. Factor Xa is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the presence of factor Va, calcium and phospholipid during blood clotting. Factor Xa activates pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in a protease-activated receptor (PAR)-dependent manner. Up-regulates expression of protease-activated receptors (PARs) F2R, F2RL1 and F2RL2 in dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2 and IL6, in cardiac fibroblasts and umbilical vein endothelial cells in PAR-1/F2R-dependent manner. Triggers the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as MCP-1/CCL2, IL6, TNF/TNF, IL-1beta/IL1B, IL8/CXCL8 and IL18, in endothelial cells and atrial tissues. 1. Manithody, C. et al. (2012) Biochemistry 51, 2551-7. PMID: 224094273. Bukowska, A. et al. (2013) European journal of pharmacology 718, 114-23. PMID: 240419304. Shinozawa, E. et al. (2018) Frontiers in pharmacology 9, 1431. PMID: 305685936. Borensztajn, K. et al. (2008) The American journal of pathology 172, 309-20. PMID: 182021987. Shrivastava, G. et al. (2022) ImmunoHorizons 6, 373-383. PMID: 357388248. Senden, NH. et al. (1998) Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 161, 4318-24. PMID: 9780208 |
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