| 背景 | Clone IB21 is a recombinant fully human anti-TGF-beta antibody produced on a human IgG4 backbone carrying the S228P hinge-stabilizing mutation with a kappa light chain, and reactive against human TGF-beta 1. The S228P substitution prevents Fab-arm exchange and half-antibody formation, giving a stable, homogeneous IgG4 that engages Fc gamma receptors minimally, making it well suited to neutralization-focused functional studies where effector recruitment is undesirable. As a recombinant human-format reagent it is a natural fit for in-vitro functional assays, ex-vivo human cell work, and engineering or biosimilarity/characterization studies rather than routine mouse in-vivo depletion. Supplied at research grade with low endotoxin (<1 EU/mg; ultra-low <0.5 EU/mg options) and available in bulk milligram-to-gram quantities, it supports reproducible functional and screening workflows. For research use only (RUO); not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. Because reactivity is human-directed, conventional mouse in-vivo dosing regimens will not translate to native mouse TGF-beta without a suitable humanized or human-antigen model.
TGF-beta 1 (gene TGFB1; UniProt P01137) is a prototypic member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily and a master regulator of tissue homeostasis, wound healing, extracellular matrix deposition, and immune tolerance. It is secreted as a latent complex in which the mature C-terminal dimer remains non-covalently associated with the latency-associated peptide; activation by integrins, proteases, or mechanical force releases the bioactive cytokine. Signaling proceeds through the type II (TGFBR2) and type I (TGFBR1/ALK5) receptor serine/threonine kinases, driving SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and SMAD4-dependent transcription, alongside non-canonical MAPK and PI3K pathways. In immunity, TGF-beta 1 promotes regulatory T-cell induction, restrains effector T-cell and NK activity, and contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. It also drives fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, making it a longstanding target in oncology and fibrotic disease research. |
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